Virtualization: -

As its name defining the word virtual that means which is not actual but finely works as actual. We can say it is a clone of an actual thing (maybe a computer, server, network, etc..) that is not present actually but provides all the needful requirements as actually do. Read the bellow example to get more clarification.

Virtualization software allows us to create a number of virtual computers inside your main computer so we can have three or four or five or 10 computers all installed inside your main operating system inside your main computer. The really cool thing about this is you will not need a number of computers, you can do everything inside a single computer.

Need for virtualization:-

The virtualization concept is to achieve maximum productivity and make the best use of time and resources. This means to get more throughput of any resources.

A clear example:-

Let's say our PC/laptop, In that machine, there is a hardware level where all hardware's(mostly here I talking about CPU, RAM, ROM) is circuitry connected with a board called the motherboard. Then we install an Operating System(WINDOWS) which interacts with the user application with the hardware level. Its work is to act as an intermediate between user/user applications with the device hardware. Because of which we can see a video or listen to music on the laptop screen(hardware) or speaker respectively by using the media player and so on.

So my point is maximum time whatever we do with our system we can't make our system CPU as much as busy. Because they are made like this, CPU works much faster than humans. Hence nearly 10-20% of CPU and 40% of RAM (depends upon our running program) and some of Hard Disk we can only make it usage and rest are remaining idle or inactive state.

If we have a different task to do using a different Operating system(LINUX). Then instead of buying or using a different laptop, we can use the remaining resources of the previous one. This is the beauty of virtualization. In One Laptop/PC using the same hardware resources, we can create as many virtual machines(VMs).

For that first, we have to create a virtual layer (like VM ware, VirtualBox and etc..) on the main operating system, and on that layer, we can create virtual machines as per our requirements. This virtual layer is the most important because it is the only one who is taking care of all the VMs installed on it. It manages all the resources(CPU, RAM, USB ports, etc..) like which resources are required for which machine and all.

Advantage of Virtualization:-

There are lots of benefits you can realize when you use this concept. One example:- If you want to install a software that you really need but you are not sure that software may cause your operating system crash, in that case, you can make virtual machines on your system and try that software in the virtual machine instead of the host machine. If some of the reasons it crushes your virtual machine then it never going to affect your host machine. you can easily create another VM. Most of the people are using this feature only.

Cloud Computing:-

It means a computer we can also use that 's present in the cloud. What nonsense..?

Yes, Again the concept virtualization plays the main role here.
Read Bellow 2 Paragraph to understand.

If a client(maybe you and me or some company) wants to use one large and secure machine for it's personal or business requirement, instead of making their own computer to a server, they go for an already existing server and use their resources by securely accessing from their own computer and against that they give it worth as money.

Basically, Cloud means we understand the server. the server we can say is nothing but a system having a greater quantity of resources like lots of RAM power, lots of ROM, and all the necessary things to operate the server with large quantity. Servers are not made for personal use, so many clients can use one server at a time. As more as the clients, the requirements for all clients is also increasing. That's can be easily solved by this virtualization concept. They create a virtual layer in the server (like Hypervisor) and creates many virtual machines as per the requirements and provide it to their clients through a secure communication protocol (ssh or https). This is the concept of cloud computing.

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